استمعت إلى دروس:

لعبة في [بوبوب]
تحرّكت [مووس بوينتر] ك على أيّ صينيّة كلمة أو عبارات أن يحصل ترجمة.

مضيفات: آدم [منون]/[كيرين] [ينغ]

آدم: [دجي] [هو] . [و] [ش] آدم .

[كيرين]: [دجي] [هو] . [و] [ش] [كيرين] .

آدم: رحّبت إلى دروس 4 من ChineseLearnOnline.com. اليوم يذهب نحن أن يستمرّ حيث نحن تركنا باتّجاه آخر في دروس ثلاثة [تلك بووت] بلاد, جنسيات وألغازهم. نحن الآن نذهب أن يحاول ووضعت معا ماذا نحن نعرف [س فر]. نحن نعرف كيف أن يقول "أنا" ويعرف نحن كيف أن يقول الاسم من [ا فو] بلد. هكذا مع أنّ في عقل, كيف أنت قلت "أنا أكون أمريكيّة"?

[كيرين]: [و] [ش] [ميغرن] .

آدم: جيّدة, يأمل أنا أنت حصلت أنّ يصحّ. [لت'س] حاولت آخر واحدة. كيف أراد أنت قلت "أنت صينيّة?"

[كيرين]: [ن] [ش] [زهنغّورن] [ما]?

آدم: بما أنّ أنت يستطيع رأيت, يضيف ال [ما] يلتفت في النهاية بيان داخل سؤال. اليوم, يذهب نحن أن يحاول وأجبت بعض نعم أو ما من أسئلة. الآن واحدة فرق كبير في صينيّ أنّ هناك ما من كلمة محدّدة ل `نعم' أو `رفض,' لذلك أنت يضطرّ تبعت إعراب خاصّة عندما يجيب هذا أسئلة. الآن إن أنت أردت أن يجيب في الإيجابيّة بما أنّ في "نعم, أنا صينيّ," أجاب أنت مع:

[كيرين]: [ش], [و] [ش] [زهنغّورن] .

آدم: الآن, هناك ما من كلمات جديدة هناك بما أنّ أنت يستطيع رأيت. نحن نجيب في إيجابيّة ب يصرّح الفعل في سؤال - [إين ثيس كس] هو الفعل "أن يكون" أو [ش] . هكذا يعني الجوابة هنا "نعم, أنا صينيّة." [لت'س] حاولت آخر واحدة. سألت إن أنا أكون كنديّة.

[كيرين]: [ن] [ش] [جيندرن] [ما]?

آدم: هكذا إن أنت أردت أن يجيب `نعم,' قال أنت:

[كيرين]: [ش], [و] [ش] [جيندرن] .

آدم: الآن, سيعلم نحن الكلمة يستعمل لالأحفور سلبيّ أيّ يكون الى حدّ بعيد ببساطة

[كيرين]: [ب]

آدم: أنّ يسقط نغمة, رغم أنّ أحيانا هو يكون دورات داخل يرتفع نغمة [دبندينغ ون] حيث هو قد استعمل.

[كيرين]: [ب]

آدم: ب يضيف [ب] أمام فعل, ينكر أنت هو. هكذا [لت'س] سألت السؤال "أنت بريطانيّة?"

[كيرين]: [ن] [ش] [ينغّورن] [ما]?

آدم: أن يجيب في الأحفور سلبيّ نحن قلنا:

[كيرين]: Bú shì . Wǒ bú shì Yīngguórén .

Adam: On our website, in the Premium lesson notes for lesson 4 you’ll find several more examples using this structure. Let’s now learn a couple of new verbs. The first one is…

Kirin: Huì

Adam: This is a falling tone.

Kirin: Huì

Adam: Now the verb huì means “to be able to do something.” We’ll use it in a moment. The other verb I want to introduce is:

Kirin: Shuō

Adam: This is a high tone.

Kirin: Shuō

Adam: The verb shuō means “to speak.” So putting these two verbs together, we get:

Kirin: Huì shuō

Adam: …which means “to be able to speak.” So with that in mind, can you guess what this next question means?

Kirin: Nǐ huì shuō Zhōngwén ma?

Adam: Again?

Kirin: Nǐ huì shuō Zhōngwén ma?

Adam: So by the ma at the end, we know that it’s a question – and in fact the question translates to “Can you speak Chinese?” Now knowing what we know about how we answer such questions how would you answer that question in the affirmative?

Kirin: Huì . Wǒ huì shuō Zhōngwén .

Adam: And how would you reply “No, I can’t speak Chinese”?

Kirin: Bú huì . Wǒ bú huì shuō Zhōngwén .

Adam: Now perhaps as beginners, your current answer to the question of “Can you speak Chinese?” may be ‘no,’ but we hope to change that over time. So to build up your confidence, perhaps you would like to answer with “I can speak a little.” How do we say “a little”?

Kirin: Yīdiǎn

Adam: That’s a high tone followed by a falling rising tone.

Kirin: Yīdiǎn

Adam: So how would you say “I can speak a little”?

Kirin: Wǒ huì shuō yīdiǎn .

Adam: Great, so let’s do some practice with the vocabulary we have learned. First, I’ll ask you to translate the following from English to Chinese. Please try this by yourself before listening to the answer.

Are you Australian?

Kirin: Nǐ shì Àozhōurén ma?

Adam: No, I am American.

Kirin: Bú shì , wǒ shì Měiguórén .

Adam: Can you speak French?

Kirin: Nǐ huì shuō Fàwén ma?

Adam: No I can’t. I can speak English.

Kirin: Bú huì . Wǒ huì shuō Yīngwén .

Adam: Good, we’ll now teach the possessive particle. We know how to say ‘I’:

Kirin: Wǒ

Adam: How do we say ‘my’?

Kirin: Wǒde

Adam: So you can see how easy that is. Just add the neutral tone de and you get the possessive. Similarly, to say ‘your’ we can say:

Kirin: Nǐde

Adam: Good, I think you can see how easy that is and how it extends to other pronouns. A more detailed list can be found in the lesson notes for Lesson 4 on our website. Now based on what you’ve learned, what do you think the following sentence means?

Kirin: Nǐ Zhōngwén shuō de hěn hǎo .

Adam: This one may be a little tricky but if you look at the literal translation you might figure it out. “You Chinese speak’s very good.” Basically, that means “Your Chinese is very good.” You could use that same construction to tell someone their English was very good too.

While it is not our goal to go into too much detail on the grammar usage in Chinese, the basic reason why we say “you Chinese” here and not “your Chinese” is that when you have multiple occurrences of de in a sentence, the first ones are sometimes omitted. As an example in English, I could say “Kirin’s brother’s cat” whereas in Chinese that might become “Kirin brother’s cat.” Since there is already a de after shuō , it isn’t used after nǐ .

Again our whole manner of teaching on this site is similar to how we learn our native language by just imitating the speech we hear around us and picking up the grammar as we go along.

Now, just as a culture note, I’ve noticed that even if you just say something simple in Chinese, such as xièxie nǐ , they tend to get very excited and will often compliment your Chinese in the above manner. So Kirin if this happens, as it inevitably will if you keep following along in our podcast, what’s the best way to answer?

Kirin: I think you can just say thank you. Xièxie .

Adam: Great. Now let’s look at if you just wanted to tell someone “I’m sorry, my Chinese isn’t very good.” First, we need the word for “I’m sorry.” It’s actually the same word they use for “excuse me.” How do we say that, Kirin?

Kirin: Duìbuqǐ .

Adam: So it’s actually three words. The first two use falling tones and the last word uses a falling rising tone. Let’s hear it again.

Kirin: Duìbuqǐ .

Adam: So that means “I’m sorry” or “excuse me.”

Now to say “My Chinese isn’t good,” you actually have all the vocabulary necessary to say that. Let’s see if we can put it together.

Kirin: Wǒ Zhōngwén shuō de bù hǎo .

Adam: Again.

Kirin: Wǒ Zhōngwén shuō de bù hǎo .

Adam: Great, so lots of new words and phrases today. That brings us to an end to lesson four of ChineseLearnOnline.com. Don’t worry – we’ll be reviewing it all in future lessons. Xièxiè dà jiā .

Kirin: Zàijiàn .

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