For important meetings or negotiations between Chinese and foreign businessmen, an interpreter can play a vital role.對於一些重要的會議或談判，中國和外國的商人，一名翻譯，可以扮演一個重要的角色。 In some cases, the Chinese side may provide one, whereas in other cases foreign businessmen may feel more comfortable hiring their own.在某些情況下，中國方面可以提供一個，而在其他情況下，外商可能會覺得更舒適僱用自己的。 Even in cases where one or both parties may be able to reasonably communicate in English and Chinese, there are still many advantages to having an interpreter:即使在的情況下，一方或雙方可能可以合理地溝通，在英語和中文，仍然有很多優勢，有一個口譯員：

• As explained in previous articles, there are many cultural differences between Western and Chinese societies in the meeting and negotiation process.  An interpreter on your side can help you sort through the formalities.作為解釋，在以往的文章，也有許多文化差異，西方和中國社會要在會議和談判的過程。傳譯員對貴方可以幫助您排序，通過辦手續。
• Many examples and metaphors used in English, don’t translate directly into Chinese and vice versa.  A good interpreter can get the point across by also translating examples and metaphors into something more relevant that can be understood by the listeners.許多實例和隱喻在英文中使用，不直接翻譯成中文，反之亦然。良好的傳譯員能夠得到一點一刀切，也翻譯實例和隱喻的東西更多相關的是，是可以理解的，由聽眾。
• An interpreter can help you avoid making common faux pas, by correcting them for you during translation.  Common errors include addressing the listeners with the wrong titles, not displaying enough respect to your hosts or causing someone to lose face.口譯員可以幫助您避免常見的失誤問責考績制度，糾正他們，你在翻譯過程中常見的錯誤，包括解決聽眾與錯職稱，而不是展示不夠尊重你的主機或造成有人沒面子。

If you do choose to use an interpreter, here are some common Dos.如果你選擇使用翻譯，但這裡有一些共同之。

• Where there are interpreters for both sides, do let your interpreter translate your remarks and let the Chinese party’s interpreter translate their remarks.  Where there is only one interpreter, they will of course be expected to translate both sides.凡是有口譯人員對於雙方而言確實讓你的傳譯員翻譯你說的話，讓中國黨的傳譯員翻譯他們的談話。那裡只有一名口譯員，他們當然會可望翻譯雙方的共識。
• Do limit the interpreter’s role to translating only.  Many businessmen make the mistake of expecting the interpreter to also help out in the negotiating process.  This is also why it is best to use an interpreter who is not a part of your party to begin with, to avoid confusing their role.這樣做限制了口譯員的作用，翻譯不僅許多商家做出錯誤的期待口譯員，也有利於在談判過程中，這也是為什麼它是最好地利用傳譯員，他們是不是你部分黨開始同，為避免混淆，其作用。
• Do limit your remarks to give the interpreter time to translate them properly.  The longer and more complicated your speech is, the more likely there may be omissions or mistakes in the translation.這樣做限制你說的話給傳譯員的時間把它們正途。更長和更複雜，你的發言，越有可能有可能有遺漏或者差錯，在翻譯。
• Do speak in a clear tone, in the same manner that you would be speaking to someone else in English.  Many people slow down their speech, or raise their voices artificially.  This is usually not required when dealing with a good interpreter.  As well, the listening party will still be observing your body language throughout the process and will be able to read whatever passion and enthusiasm you have in your voice, so focus on those aspects.做發言，在一個清晰的聲調，在同一地說，你會講別人，在英語，很多人都放慢自己的講話，或提高他們的聲音，人為地，這是通常不要求在處理一個很好的翻譯。同時，聽力黨仍然會觀察你的身體語言在整個過程中，並將於能讀什麼熱情和積極性，你有你的聲音，所以重點放在這些方面。
• Do try to keep your points as simple and direct as possible, while trying to avoid slang, metaphors or examples that may not relate well in Chinese.  While some interpreters may be able to translate common slang and metaphors on the fly, it is better not to assume that the meaning will be interpreted clearly.做的努力讓你點那麼簡單，並盡可能直接，同時，盡量避免在俚語中，隱喻或例子可能不涉及，以及在中國，雖然一些口譯或可翻譯共同俚語和隱喻對飛，這是最好不要假設的意義將被解釋清楚。
• When speaking, do phrase your lines and speeches at the listening party.  Many people make the mistake of addressing the interpreter, leaving the listening party feeling left out of the conversation.發言時，做你的線路和演講中，在聽黨，許多人做出了錯誤的處理口譯，離開聽黨的感情卻被排除在交談。

While there are clear benefits to having a good interpreter working for you, it is also to important to realize that it can be extremely damaging to the meeting or negotiating process, if you have an ineffective translator.  Common ways to recognize a problem with your interpretor include:雖然有明顯的好處，能有一個良好的口譯員的工作對你來說，這也是重要的是要意識到它可以是極為有害的，以會議或談判過程中，如果你有一個無效的翻譯。常見的方式來認識問題，你interpretor包括：

• Frequent hesitation on the part of the interpretor when translating your comments頻繁毫不猶豫地對部分的interpretor翻譯時，你的意見
• Constant need on your part or the other party’s part to repeat statements or comments made earlier, due to lack of clarity from the other side需要經常對你的一部分，或另一方的部分重複的聲明或評論較早，但由於缺乏明確的，從另一面
• Lack of understanding of technical terms by the interpreter, resulting in further explanation that slows down the dialogue process缺乏了解的技術條件所傳譯員，導致進一步解釋說，放慢對話進程
• Frequent additions or clarifications of statements by either side, due to a feeling that their meaning isn’t getting across clearly經常補充或澄清，聲明任何一方，因為他們認為他們的意思是不是越來越清楚

When faced with a situation like this, it may be more beneficial to halt the meeting and find a suitable replacement for the interpreter, rather than continue with an ineffective process.面對這種情況，它可能更為有利停止會議，並找到合適的替代方案，口譯員，而不是繼續與一個無效的過程。
For more detailed descriptions of the points in this article, read對於更詳細的描述，該點在這篇文章中，讀 “Chinese Business Etiquette” by Scott D. Seligman. "中國商務禮儀" ，由Scott四seligman 。

Arranging and having meetings with Chinese counterparts can be a different process than you might see out West.安排，並會見了中國同行，可以是一個不同的過程比你可能會看到美國西部。 The process is smoother if you already have a relationship with the people beforehand.這個過程順暢，如果你已經有了一個同人民群眾的意見。 If they aren’t familiar with you or your company, it is best to provide as much background information as possible.如果他們不熟悉您或您的公司，最好是提供盡可能多的背景資料。 This allows them to decide whether to have the meeting as well as who should take part.這使得他們可以自行決定是否有次，以及誰應該參加。 This is important, since it means the proper decision makers can attend.這一點很重要，因為它意味著正確，決策者可以參加。 Unlike Western meetings, it is in your interest to bring up the subject of the meeting and all issues to be discussed beforehand, so that no surprises are brought up during the meeting.不同於西方的會議，它是在你的興趣，能夠培養出會議的題目和所有將要討論的問題，令日後沒有驚喜長大時在座。 Once again, this allows the other party to prepare their own views in advance of the meeting itself.再次，這也允許其他政黨準備自己的意見，在會議舉行之前本身。 Not following this protocol may result in your proposals being received with silence, as time would then be needed to consider them in private.沒有跟隨本議定書可能會導致你的建議被接到報以沉默，因為時間便需考慮他們在私下進行。

You may find that Chinese meetings are often scheduled at the last minute.您可能會發現，中國的會議往往安排在最後一分鐘。 Even where a meeting is proposed by either side well in advance of a particular date, the details are still not usually confirmed until just before the meeting.即使在開會，提出任何一方遠遠早於某個特定日期，詳細情況還不能確定，通常直到剛剛才會見時在座。 This is done to avoid last minute changes or cancellations.這樣做是為了避免在最後一分鐘更改或取消。

Once the meeting begins, it is best to arrive on time - not too early and certainly not too late.一旦會議開始前，它是最好的抵達時間-不是太早，當然也為時不晚。 If you do end up late, be sure to apologize profusely to avoid the impression that there was any intent in your tardiness.如果你這樣做，最後晚了，一定要道歉profusely避免造成一種印象，有什麼意圖，在你遲到。 When entering a meeting room, it is common for Chinese delegates to follow a rank order with the highest ranking official entering first (especially for meetings involving government officials).當我們進入一間會議室，是很常見的中方代表，以跟隨排序與最高級別的官員進入第一（特別是會議，涉及政府官員） 。 Since one on one meetings are usually rare, there may be an entourage of participants.自一對一會議通常罕見，有可能是一個主要陪同人員參加。 Assume that those not introduced are not part of the decision process, but just present as witnesses or assistants.假設那些沒有推出沒有參加決策過程，但目前只作為證人或助理。

Like in Western meetings, it is wise to engage in some small talk in the beginning to build up trust, especially when the parties don’t know each other well.像在西方的會議，這是一個明智的搞一些小型講座，在一開始建立信任的，尤其是當當事人不知道對方。 The Chinese prefer to do business with those they know, so it is worthwhile to cultivate this aspect first.中國人喜歡做業務與那些他們知道，所以這是很值得的培養這方面的第一次。 You may notice that a few key individuals have been assigned to participate in the meeting, while the rest usually remain silent for the majority of the meeting.你可以看到，有幾個關鍵個人都被指派參加會議，其餘的則往往保持緘默，對大多數的會議。 After the initial small talk, the host of the meeting will usually welcome the invitees and either present the topic at hand or invite the proposer of the meeting to do so.經過最初的小型講座，會議的主持通常會歡迎受邀者要么本專題的手或邀請投標人的會議上這樣做。

The Chinese usually prefer to be on the defensive or receiving side of matters.中國人通常傾向於就防禦或接收方的事宜。 This allows them to combine their preparation of the meeting beforehand, with time to react to the proposals brought forward by the other party.這使得他們可以結合自身會議的籌備工作在事前，隨著時間作出反應的建議，提出了由另一方。 During the meeting, it is common for Chinese to use grunts or nods as signs of acknowledgment of what is being said during the meeting.在會議上，是很常見的中文使用則描述或點頭作為標誌的認同的是什麼在會見時說。 Don’t mistake this for acceptance, as it is just a tacid acknowledgment and doesn’t necessarily suggest agreement.沒有錯，這為接受，因為它只是一個tacid承認和不一定建議達成協議。 Unlike normal conversations, the dialogs in meetings tend to be more structured with each side taking turns.不同於一般的交談，對話，在會議上往往會更有條理，各自表述輪替。 As a result, it is common to let the other party do the talking without interrupting until it is your turn, at which point you can go through their points one by one.因此，它是常見的，讓對方來說話沒有因此中斷，直到輪到你，在這一點，您可以通過他們的論點逐一進行。 During this portion, expect them to take detailed notes that may be referred to on later dates or shared with other parties who may have not attended the meeting.在這部分人，期望他們能採取具體指出，可轉介到後來的日期或與其他締約方分享的人，可能不會參加了會議。 Like in all interactions with Chinese people, it is of crucial importance never to put them on the spot or allow them to像在所有同中國人，這是非常重要的千萬不要把他們對現貨或允許他人 lose face丟臉 . 。

Towards the end of the meeting, it is best to summarize your understanding of the situation to make sure both parties are clear where things stand.在接近年底的一次會議上，它是最好的總結你的情況的了解，以確保雙方都清楚自己的事情的立場。 At this point, you can set up a future meeting.在這一點上，你可以成立一個未來的會議。 The Chinese party’s response here, will let you gauge their interest in continuing things.中國黨的回應，在這裡，將讓你了解他們的興趣，持續的東西。

Note: For more detailed descriptions of the points in this article, read注：對於更詳細的描述，該點在這篇文章中，讀 “Chinese Business Etiquette” by Scott D. Seligman. "中國商務禮儀" ，由Scott四seligman 。